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Cystoid Macular Edema (CME) usually occurs due to ocular inflammation. The inflammation within the eye produces chemicals which cause the retinal vessels to leak. This results in fluid accumulation in the central retina, and the formation of small retinal cysts. CME due to inflammation can occur in uveitis (inflammation of the inner lining of the eye) or following eye surgery. CME can also be caused by mechanical irritation of the retina as occurs in an epiretinal membrane. (See previous page for more information about epiretinal membrane) Symptoms of CME CME usually causes a decline in central vision. Visual acuity may range from 20/20 to 20/400. Distortion of images and decreased color vision may also be present. Peripheral vision is normal. Diagnosis of CME In addition to a dilated eye exam, a test called Fluorescein Angiography may be required. During this test a dye is injected into a vein in the arm. Special photographs are taken of the retina as the dye passes though the eye. Leakage and accumulation of dye into cystic spaces becomes apparent to the physician. Treatment of CME In most cases, treating CME involves treating the underlying inflammation. The first line of treatment for CME is usually non-steroidal, and steroid eye drops. The second line of treatment included oral steroids or other systemic anti-inflammatory agents, or an injection of a steroid next to or into the eye. Finally, if the vitreous gel is thought to be contributing to the inflammation, it can be removed by performing vitrectomy surgery. If CME is caused by an epiretinal membrane, surgical removal of the membrane may be indicated. Importantly, CME occurs in some people following cataract surgery, even if the surgery itself is perfect. CME following cataract surgery is usually not severe, and the majority of cases respond to treatment and resolve within 6 months.
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 Cystoid Macular Edema
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 Angiogram of CME (same eye)
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 Angiogram of Normal Retina |
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